What are urban heat islands?

Urban heat islands refer to urban areas that experience significantly higher temperatures than their rural surroundings due to human activities and modification of the environment. In cities, asphalt, concrete, and buildings absorb and retain heat more than natural landscapes, leading to elevated temperatures. This phenomenon can be attributed to factors such as reduced vegetation, which typically cools the air through shade and evapotranspiration, as well as increased energy consumption and heat production from vehicles, industrial processes, and buildings.

The presence of heat islands can have various environmental effects, contributing to increased energy consumption for cooling, elevated emissions of air pollutants, and heightened heat-related health issues. Understanding urban heat islands is crucial for developing strategies to mitigate their impact, such as increasing green spaces, implementing reflective building materials, and integrating sustainable urban planning practices.